Wednesday, October 5, 2011

CHOLINERGIC AND ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS


CHOLINERGIC DRUGS
Acetylcholine (A C h) is the prototype drug.
A             Action is nonspecific &
C             Cholinesterase enzyme quickly degrades it,
h             hence not used clinically.


ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS
Atropine is the prototype drug.
(Atropine is obtained from ATROPA belladonna or DHATURA stramonium.)
Clinical uses of Atropine
A             As mydriatic-cycloplegic → used topically in refraction testing, fundoscopy and giving rest to
                the inflamed eye.
T              Traveller’s diarrhea
R             Rapid onset mushroom poisoning
O             Organophosphorous poisoning
P             Preanaesthetic medication
A             Arrythmias (brady-arrhythmias)


Adverse effects of Atropine
D             Dry mouth → Difficulty in swallowing and speaking
H             Hot dry skin & Hypotension
A             Accomodation paralysis → blurring of near vision
T              Tachycardia
U             Urinary retention and (faecal retention) constipation
R             Respiratory depression
A             Ataxia & Acute congestive glaucoma may precipitate

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